Window construction



Patented duly i7, i923.

hithl ROBERT S. DRUMMIOND, OF .NEVI YORK, N. Y.

VNDOW CONSTRUCTION.

Application led June 20, 1919.

Be it known that I, Ronnnr S. DRUMMOND, a citizen of the Unit-ed States,residing in the borough. of Manhattan, city of New York, county of NewYork, and State of New Yorl, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Tindow Construo tion, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to the construction of metallic window sash andrelates more particularly to improvements in the means for providingweathering around the mar ginal edges of a pivoted or otherwisetransversely movable ventilator section. The principal object of myinvention is to increase the lighting capacity ot' a window section of agiven size and having therein a ventilator, without complicating the construction or increasing the expense of manufacture, and in fact, to makethe changes from the standard forms of construction of the sash membersas slightand few as possible. Heretofore, commonly, the adjacentstationary and movable sash bars or muntin members have been placedadjacent to but out of contact with each other, and weathering, eithersingle or multiple, has been. provided by means of an interposedweathering strip secured to one or the other of the sash bars ormuntins, an angle strip being employed for single weathering and achannel strip for double weathering. ln such a construction, light ofcourse is excluded to the extent of the width over all of the twoadjacent slightly spaced sash bars, which on their adjacent sides arecommonly provided with the usual flanges forming glazing rebates ofsubstantially standard construction, and with which, particularly indouble weathering, the weathering strip may cooperate. Another object ofmy invention is the saving of metal.

In carrying out my invention, I bring the adjacent stationary andmovable muntin members or sash bars close together so that theiradjacent rebateforming glazing flanges, or other adjacent flanges, havea cooperative overlapping relation for thereby effecting weatheringwithout the employment at this place of a separate weathering strip, ashas been done heretofore, and also, by reason of the bringingof the sashmembers closer together than heretofore, less light is excluded. lnorder to effect this Serial No. 305,556.

weathering relation of the usual glazing flanges of the standard muntinor sash bar construction, or of other similar flanges, I bend or distortthese flanges, preferably bending one inward and one outward so as toprovide complementary oppositely disposed co-operative weatheringsurfaces, such as oppositely inclined flat contact surfaces. ln the caseof ventilators which are hinged or pivoted between their margins, thesecooperative weathering flanges are distorted in opposite directions atopposite sides of the pivots, thereby to provide for the swinging of theventilator section on its pivots while preserving a proper weatheringrelation of the adjacent flanges of the sash bars, My invention moreparticularly includes features of construction and combinations of'parte'. as will hereinafter appear.

I shall describe the metallic sash con` struction illustrated in theaccompanying drawings as an embodiment of my invention, and shallthereafter point out my invention in claims.

Figure l is an elevation as viewed from the outside of a metallic windowsection, having a horizontally pivoted ventilator therein, parts beingomitted at the top and bottom.

Figure 2 is an enlarged horizontal section on a plane above the pivotline and indicated by the line2-2 of Figure l as viewed from above.

Figure 3 is a similar view below the pivot line and indicated by theline 3-3.

Figure et is a view similar to Figure 2 illustrating the application ofmy invention to single weathering instead of the double weatheringconstruction shown in the preceding iigures.

Figure 5 is an enlarged transverse section of one of the muntin memberswhich has not been bent or distorted for weathering purposes.

Figure 6 isa view similar to the upper right hand part of Figure 2 andillustrates 'the application of invention to produce weathering betweena muntin member and a sash frame member at the jamb, instead of betweentwo muntin members shown in Figures l, 2, 3 and et.

In Figure 5 is shown a cross-section of a solid metallic muntin memberor sash bar, such as l prefer to employ in the metallic window sashconstruction embodying my ico invention. This muntin is of isha-pe,havmg a web or stem l, and oppositely projecting glazing flanges 2,which with the stem l, form glazing rebates or rabbets. Each of theserebate-providing glazing flanges 2 is con'iparatively thin and oitwedge-shape and is preferably similarly tapered on both sides as shown.This muntin or mullion such as is illustrated in Figure 5 may beemployed for both the vertical and transverse nonmarginal sash bars inthe construction shown in Figure land as there indicated by thereference numeral 2, there employed to designate the glazing flangesshown in Figure 5. These solid metallic muntins are originally rolled tothe form shown in Figure 5.

In the particular metallic sash construction embodying my inventionillustrated in Figure l, the middle part of the complete window sectionis a movable ventilator part shown as mounted on pivots 3 to swinginward at the top and outward at the bottom, on a horizontal axis orpivot line. rlhis pivoting is effected between adjacent stationary andmovable muntins, these inuntins being originally of the construction andtransverse configuration illustrated in Figure 5, and which also appearnon-marginally in Figure l, but whicl'i at the ventilator edges havebeen slightly modified' so as to produce, in accordance with myinvention, the weathering relation between these adjacent stationary andmovable muntins.

The marginal stationary muntin at the right of the pivoted ventilatorsection appearing in Figures l, 2 and 3, similarly to the muntin shownin Figure 5, has a stem or web l and at the right side thereof has aglazing flange`2, but at the left side thereof, 'the glazing flange suchas appears at the left in Figure 5, as shown in Figures l and 2 hasbeen. distorted or bent outward to form a weathering flange l; and belowthe pivot 3, this flange which was originally the glazing flange hasbeen similarly distortedior bent inward to form an inner weatheringflange 5, as appears in Figure 3 and .in the lower part of Figure l.Correspondingly, at the left side of the swinging ventilator sectionappearing in Figures l, 2 and 3, the stationary' muntin has a usual steml and glazing flange 2, but above the pivot 3 of the ventilator.section`r what otherwise would be a similar glazing flange is bent ordistorted outward, as appears in Figure 2 at the left and in the upperpart'of Figure l at the left, to form an outer weathering flange 6,while the lower 'part of this same flange is distorted or bent inward asappears in the lower part of Figure l and Vin Figure 3, to form an innerweatherin;r flange 7. j n

At the right side of the ventilator section the marginal muntin thereofhas a usual stem or web land an inner glazing flange 2, but at 'theright or outer side of this muntin what otherwise would be a similarglazing flange above the pivot 3 has been bent inward to form aninwardly movable wea-thering flange S, shown in Figure l at the top, andin Figure 2; and below the pivot 3, this same flange has been bentoutward toprovide an outer outwardly movable weathering flange 9, asshown in the lower part of Figure l and in Figure 3. rlllhe inwardlymovable weathering flange 8 has an outer inclined flat weathering orsealing surface co-operative with a similar flat inclined innerweathering surface of the stationary weathering flange -l on thestationary muntin bar, to which the movable muntin bar is pivoted at 3'as above noted, Similarly below the pivots 3, the outer movableweatheringl flange 9 of the movable muntin bar at its inner side has aflat outwardly inclined weathering or sealing surface which isco-operative with a similarly flat inwardly inclined sealing surfaceprovided by the stationary weathering flange 5 on 'the stationary muntinbelow the pivots 3, as is clearly shown in Figure 3 at the right.

lt thc left side of the swinging ventilator section, the movablemarginal muntin has the usual tern l and a glaisli'ig flange at theright side thereof. At the left of this inuntin what otherwise would bea similar glazing flange has been bent inward to form an inner inwardlymovable weathering flange l0, as indicated at the left and top in Figurel and as clearly shown at the lett in Figure 2. Similarly, below thepivot 3, s shown at the left in Figures l. and 3, the ame flange hasbeen bent outward to 'form i outer outwardly movable weathering flangell. rllhe upper and inwardly movable weathering flange 10 of the movablemuntin bar at the left of the ventilator section has a .flat inwardlyinclined outer sealing surface (2o-operative with a similar datoutwardly inclined sealing surface on theI stationary weathering flange6 of the adjacent stationary mun fn.' Similarly below the pivot 3 theoutwardly movable weatherflange ll is provided with an inner outwardlyinclined flat sealing surfacev co-optive with and movable outwardly awayfrom the similar inwardly inclined outer flat sealing surface of thestationary weath` ering flange 7 of the adjacent stationary muntin.

ln the drawings, the swinging ventilator section is shown as in theclosed position. lllhen this' swinging ventilator section is ,fpenefhthe upper movable weathering S and l0 thereof will `move inward ai. fromthe stationary weathering flanges l and G respectivelyg'and similarlythe lower movable weathering flanges 9 and ll Awill move outward awayfrom the sta- S) ll liso vtor

tionary weathering tlanges 5 and 7, as will be clear trom an inspectionot Figures 2 and 3 in connection with Figure 'lL j It is to beparticularly noted as a feature of my invention that the'adjacent`movable and stationary muntinsare brought ycloser together to theextent ot the weathering overlap between tlielweathei'ing flanges, andalso to the extent ot the elimination ot' the usual clearance spacewhich heretofore com monly hasbeen `lett between project-ing adjacentglazing tlangcs, `similar to the 'flanges lt is evident that thebringing closer to get-her of these inuntins orv sash bars intooverlapping relation 01"' their lianges will cause them to efclude thatmuch less light than they would it placed merely adjacent| to each otherwith their tlangesnot. in overlapping relation, but opposite to andslightly spaced from` each other, as conimonly has `been doneheretofore, a special weathering strip then beingprovided ttor closingthe clearance spaces between the opposed tlanges. It is to ,be noted otmy iii-- vention that the co-operative weathering flanges providebetween them an unusually wide weathering joint, by reason ot the greatwidth. ot the flat contacting sealing surfaces. lt is obvious that theweathering' arrangement ot my invention may be equally well employed'regardless ot whether the pivots of the ventilator section are at amiddle point thereoh'or are at an` end thereof; and also whether thesepivots are along horizontal or vertical lines, all ot these forms otpivotingbeing common in the art. i

YWhen multiple weatheringis desired, an angle strip l2 is employed, thisstrip being substantially the same as heretofore has been employed forsingle weathering. This weathering strip l2 above the pivots 3 issecured to the stein 1 ot the movable marginal inuntin at each side ofthe swinging ventila` section, as shown inFigureQ; and be` low thepivots 3, at each sideol the swing;- ing ventilator section, thisangular weathering strip l2 is attached tothe stem l ot the adjacentstationary muntin, as shown in Figure 3. These angular feather strips l2are shown as secured in plaoeby ineans of rivets 13, although they maybe otherwise held. for example by welding, as is common in the art. Theoutwardly projecting flange ot each ot the upper movable weather stripsl2 'forms a weathering seal with the inner surface of the web l ot theadjacent stationary muntin.l as shown in Figure 2, and similarly theinwardly projecting ilange ot each ot the A lower stationary weatherstrips l2 forms a similar weather-` ing seal with the inner surface otthe lower part of the web l ot the adjacent movable marginal muntin ofthe swinging ventila tor as shown in. Figure 3.

llhere only single weathering is desired, these angle strips l2 maybeomitted, as is l `illustrated in Figure where, as there ap- "pears,4the co-operative'relation of the sealing surfaces on theoverlapping?flanges of the adjacent movable and stationary mun tinwithout the necessity of employinga special weathering strip, as hasbeen doneheretd tore 'tor single weathering.

.lleretotore commonly tor single weathering :iira'nglestrip similar. tothe strip l2 has been employed, and tor double weathering a channelstrip has been employed. For double weatheringiny invention dispenseswith one leg or vflange otsuch a channel strip and `enables the other`leg` to be made My invention therefore results in the saving ofmaterial to the extent that tor double-weathei'ing an angle strip suchas l2 employed instead` of the usual heavier `channel strip, and forsingle weathering the usual additional angle strip is omitted al-`together.

Figijure 6 shows that the weathering arrangement ot' my invention may beequally irelleniployed at the outer edge o a window set-tion or at thejainb, and that it is not` limited to the middle part ot the windowsection as illiistratedfin `the preceding tig'- ures. lThe constructionshown in Figure 6 is the same as appears at the right in yFigure 2,excepting that instead of the stationary muntins there appearing. astationary trarne` member ot channel term is shown, ycomprising middleweb 14. outer marginal inner and outer flanges l5 and 16,y and aninwardly projecting glazing flange which has been distorted or bentoutward to form a weathering iiange'l similarv to the weathering flangel appearing at the right in Figure 2, andv having a similar function.The other parts illustrated in Figure 6* may be and are shown as ot thesame construction as oiiears at the right in Figure 2. @bviousl i t ifs,

my invention. f i

l claim: l. The combination with a ventilator having an ai s otrotation, ot stationary inuntin member having a weathering flange on oneside ot said axis and another weathering tnige on the opposite side ofsaid axis and projecting from the saine part of said sta resultsincomplete single weathering" tionary muntin member as the firstmentioned flange but dis nosed at an' angle tov b l b said firstmentioned flange.

2. The ycombination" with a muntin member, of a rotatable ventilatorprovided with weathering flanges in substantially longitudinal alignmentat their basesthe flangek on one side of the axis of rotation beingarranged at an acute angle to the flangeon the opposite side of saidaxis. Y

3. The combination with stationary and rotative ymuntin members at leastone of which is formed of rolled angle iron having a flange projectingtoward the other muntin member, the .portion of said flange on one sideof the axis of rotation being bent relative to the portion of said angeon the opposite side of said axis7 to form a substantially small acuteangle.

Lfln a pivotal ventilator, an angle iron muntin member of substantiallythe samestationary shape and cross-section on each sideof the pivotaxis, a portionL of a flange of said member on one sideof said axisbeing angularly disposed to a portionV of the same flange onv weatheringstrips, these weathering flanges contacting on different faces onopposite sides of the pivotvaxis. s

6. .The combination of Claim 5 in which the weathering flanges of saidangle irons are tapered on both faces thereof,` whereby said flanges areadapted to cto-operate with small angular displacement between theportionsof the same flange on opposite sides of the pivot axis. f A Y`In testimonyA whereof, I havefaiiixed my signature to thisspecification.

ROBERT s. DRUMMoNn.vy

